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Denial of Service via Malformed Binary Data Requests

Moderate
csuermann published GHSA-pr9r-gxgp-9rm8 Jul 3, 2025

Package

npm n8n (npm)

Affected versions

<1.99.0

Patched versions

1.99.0

Description

Summary

Denial of Service vulnerability in /rest/binary-data endpoint when processing empty filesystem URIs (filesystem:// or filesystem-v2://).

Impact

This is a Denial of Service (DoS) vulnerability that allows authenticated attackers to cause service unavailability through malformed filesystem URI requests. The vulnerability affects:

  • The /rest/binary-data endpoint
  • n8n.cloud instances (confirmed HTTP/2 524 timeout responses)

Attackers can exploit this by sending GET requests with empty filesystem URIs (filesystem:// or filesystem-v2://) to the /rest/binary-data endpoint, causing resource exhaustion and service disruption.

Patches

The issue has been patched in 1.99.0.
All users should upgrade to this version or later.

The fix introduces strict checking of URI patterns.

Patch commit: #16229

Severity

Moderate

CVSS overall score

This score calculates overall vulnerability severity from 0 to 10 and is based on the Common Vulnerability Scoring System (CVSS).
/ 10

CVSS v3 base metrics

Attack vector
Network
Attack complexity
Low
Privileges required
High
User interaction
None
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality
None
Integrity
None
Availability
High

CVSS v3 base metrics

Attack vector: More severe the more the remote (logically and physically) an attacker can be in order to exploit the vulnerability.
Attack complexity: More severe for the least complex attacks.
Privileges required: More severe if no privileges are required.
User interaction: More severe when no user interaction is required.
Scope: More severe when a scope change occurs, e.g. one vulnerable component impacts resources in components beyond its security scope.
Confidentiality: More severe when loss of data confidentiality is highest, measuring the level of data access available to an unauthorized user.
Integrity: More severe when loss of data integrity is the highest, measuring the consequence of data modification possible by an unauthorized user.
Availability: More severe when the loss of impacted component availability is highest.
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H

CVE ID

CVE-2025-49595

Weaknesses

Uncontrolled Resource Consumption

The product does not properly control the allocation and maintenance of a limited resource, thereby enabling an actor to influence the amount of resources consumed, eventually leading to the exhaustion of available resources. Learn more on MITRE.

Credits